Linux 128MVPS搭建Nginx+PHP+Mysql安装记录

[Tony]

文章作者：Enjoy 转载请注明原文链接。
配置nginx+php很多次了，每次都需要翻阅张宴的多篇博客以及自己的记录，比较麻烦，特意全程记录了下。

vps配置：内存128M，swap 256M，硬盘8G。安装前：
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 7.9G 564M 7.0G 8% /

进行一下系统库文件的升级和安装：
yum -y install gcc gcc-c++ autoconf
yum -y install libjpeg libjpeg-devel libpng libpng-devel freetype freetype-devel libxml2 libxml2-devel zlib zlib-devel curl curl-devel ncurses ncurses-devel
yum -y install make vim-enhanced patch mlocate
ln -s /usr/bin/vim /bin/vi


在根目录创建www目录，下载的软件、mysql的数据、web程序、web日志等都放在www下。
mkdir /www

下载安装文件：
mkdir /www/soft
cd /www/soft
wget http://sysoev.ru/nginx/nginx-0.8.34.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/ngin...-5.2.10.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/ngin...0.5.11.diff.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/ngin...-5.1.38.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/ngin...nv-1.13.tar.gz
wget http://blog.s135.com/soft/linux/ngin...re-8.01.tar.gz
wget http://bart.eaccelerator.net/source/...-0.9.6.tar.bz2

安装libiconv：
tar zxf libiconv-1.13.tar.gz
cd libiconv-1.13/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local
make
make install
cd ../

安装MYSQL
groupadd mysql
useradd -g mysql mysql
tar zxf mysql-5.1.38.tar.gz
cd mysql-5.1.38/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/mysql/ --enable-assembler --with-extra-charsets=complex --enable-thread-safe-client --with-big-tables --with-readline --with-embedded-server --enable-local-infile
配置可附加参数：--with-plugins=innobase --with-ssl
make
make install
chmod +w /usr/local/webserver/mysql
chown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/webserver/mysql

mkdir -p /www/mysql/data
chown -R mysql:mysql /www/mysql

cp support-files/my-medium.cnf /etc/my.cnf
cd ../

建立mysql初始数据表
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysql_install_db --basedir=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --datadir=/www/mysql/data --user=mysql
修改下my.cnf
vi /etc/my.cnf
在[mysqld]下面加以下两句
basedir = /usr/local/webserver/mysql
datadir = /www/mysql/data
启动mysql
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe 2>&1 > /dev/null &

安装PHP
tar zxf php-5.2.10.tar.gz
gzip -cd php-5.2.10-fpm-0.5.11.diff.gz | patch -d php-5.2.10 -p1
cd php-5.2.10/
./configure --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/php --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/webserver/php/etc --with-mysql=/usr/local/webserver/mysql --with-freetype-dir --with-jpeg-dir --with-png-dir --with-zlib --enable-xml --disable-rpath --enable-discard-path --enable-safe-mode --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --with-curl --with-curlwrappers --enable-mbregex --enable-fastcgi --enable-fpm --enable-force-cgi-redirect --enable-mbstring --with-gd --enable-gd-native-ttf --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear
make ZEND_EXTRA_LIBS='-liconv'
make install
cp php.ini-dist /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
cd ../
#curl http://pear.php.net/go-pear | /usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php

安装nginx所需要的pcre
tar zxvf pcre-8.01.tar.gz
cd pcre-8.01/
./configure
make ; make install
cd ../


创建www用户
groupadd www
useradd -g www www

创建Nginx日志目录
mkdir /www/logs
chmod +w /www/logs

把/www的所有者设为www用户
chown -R www:www /www/

安装Nginx

tar zxf nginx-0.8.34.tar.gz
cd nginx-0.8.34/
./configure --user=www --group=www --prefix=/usr/local/webserver/nginx --with-http_stub_status_module
make ; make install
cd ../

安装php加速器eaccelerator
tar jxvf eaccelerator-0.9.6.tar.bz2
cd eaccelerator-0.9.6/
/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/phpize
./configure --enable-eaccelerator=shared --with-php-config=/usr/local/webserver/php/bin/php-config
make
make install
cd ../

配置eAccelerator：
mkdir /usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php.ini
在底部加上以下配置信息
引用
[eaccelerator]
zend_extension="/usr/local/webserver/php/lib/php/extensions/no-debug-non-zts-20060613/eaccelerator.so"
eaccelerator.shm_size="1"
eaccelerator.cache_dir="/usr/local/webserver/eaccelerator_cache"
eaccelerator.enable="1"
eaccelerator.optimizer="1"
eaccelerator.check_mtime="1"
eaccelerator.debug="0"
eaccelerator.filter=""
eaccelerator.shm_max="0"
eaccelerator.shm_ttl="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_prune_period="3600"
eaccelerator.shm_only="0"
eaccelerator.compress="1"
eaccelerator.compress_level="9"
eaccelerator.keys = "disk_only"
eaccelerator.sessions = "disk_only"
eaccelerator.content = "disk_only"



修改php配置文件
vi /usr/local/webserver/php/etc/php-fpm.conf
把<value name="user">nobody</value>和<value name="group">nobody</value>去掉注释，并把nobody改为www
如果vps是128M内存，可以让php启用/tmp/php-cgi.sock连接，比较省内存。高于128M内存的话就可以不用改了。
注释掉<value name="listen_address">127.0.0.1:9000</value>
加一句<value name="listen_address">/tmp/php-cgi.sock</value>


防止启动php-cgi进程出错
vi /etc/ld.so.conf
插入一行，内容为：/usr/local/lib
引用
/usr/local/lib
include ld.so.conf.d/*.conf

运行：ldconfig
启动：/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start


vi /usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/fcgi.conf
引用
fastcgi_param GATEWAY_INTERFACE CGI/1.1;
fastcgi_param SERVER_SOFTWARE nginx;

fastcgi_param QUERY_STRING $query_string;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_METHOD $request_method;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_TYPE $content_type;
fastcgi_param CONTENT_LENGTH $content_length;

fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param SCRIPT_NAME $fastcgi_script_name;
fastcgi_param REQUEST_URI $request_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_URI $document_uri;
fastcgi_param DOCUMENT_ROOT $document_root;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PROTOCOL $server_protocol;

fastcgi_param REMOTE_ADDR $remote_addr;
fastcgi_param REMOTE_PORT $remote_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_ADDR $server_addr;
fastcgi_param SERVER_PORT $server_port;
fastcgi_param SERVER_NAME $server_name;

# PHP only, required if PHP was built with --enable-force-cgi-redirect
fastcgi_param REDIRECT_STATUS 200;


nginx配置文件
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/conf/nginx.conf
引用
user www www;

worker_processes 1;

error_log /www/logs/nginx_error.log error;

pid /usr/local/webserver/nginx/nginx.pid;

#Specifies the value for maximum file descriptors that can be opened by this process.
worker_rlimit_nofile 65535;

events
{
use epoll;
worker_connections 2048;
}

http
{
include mime.types;
default_type application/octet-stream;

#charset gb2312;

server_names_hash_bucket_size 128;
client_header_buffer_size 32k;
large_client_header_buffers 4 32k;
client_max_body_size 8m;

sendfile on;
tcp_nopush on;

keepalive_timeout 60;

tcp_nodelay on;

fastcgi_connect_timeout 300;
fastcgi_send_timeout 300;
fastcgi_read_timeout 300;
fastcgi_buffer_size 64k;
fastcgi_buffers 4 64k;
fastcgi_busy_buffers_size 128k;
fastcgi_temp_file_write_size 128k;

gzip on;
gzip_min_length 1k;
gzip_buffers 4 16k;
gzip_http_version 1.0;
gzip_comp_level 2;
gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml;
gzip_vary on;

#limit_zone crawler $binary_remote_addr 10m;

server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.itlearner.com itlearner.com;
index index.html index.php;
root /www/itlearner.com;

#limit_conn crawler 20;

location ~ .*\.php?$
{
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
#fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}

location ~ .*\.(gif|jpg|jpeg|png|bmp|swf)$
{
expires 15d;
}

location ~ .*\.(js|css)?$
{
expires 1d;
}

log_format access '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" '
'$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" '
'"$http_user_agent" $http_x_forwarded_for';
access_log /www/logs/access.log access;
}

server
{
listen 80;
server_name www.9enjoy.com 9enjoy.com;
index index.php;
root /www/9enjoy.com;

access_log /www/logs/9enjoy.com-access.log access;
#access_log off;

location ~ .*\.(php|php5|asp)?$
{
fastcgi_pass unix:/tmp/php-cgi.sock;
#fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
fastcgi_index index.php;
include fcgi.conf;
}
}


server
{
listen 80;
server_name status.itlearner.com;

location / {
stub_status on;
access_log off;
}
}
}

看看有没有错误：
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -t
平滑重启(nginx0.8.x系列可以这样子了，比之前方便了)：
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx -s reload

时间更改为中国的时间，并同步为标准时间。
cp -f /usr/share/zoneinfo/Asia/Shanghai /etc/localtime
yum install -y ntp
ntpdate ntp.api.bz

开机自动运行
vi /etc/rc.local
增加
/usr/local/webserver/mysql/bin/mysqld_safe 2>&1 > /dev/null &
/usr/local/webserver/php/sbin/php-fpm start
/usr/local/webserver/nginx/sbin/nginx

计划任务
vi /etc/crontab
增加
23 3 * * 0 root ntpdate ntp.api.bz

完成！reboot重启一下。
初始状态：128M内存约使用了50M，空闲78M。
硬盘状态：
Filesystem Size Used Avail Use% Mounted on
/dev/sda1 7.9G 1.5G 6.1G 20% /

主要参考：
Nginx 0.7.x + PHP 5.2.6（FastCGI）+ MySQL 5.1 在128M小内存VPS服务器上的配置优化[原创] http://blog.s135.com/post/375/
Nginx 0.7.x + PHP 5.2.8（FastCGI）搭建胜过Apache十倍的Web服务器（第4版）[原创] http://blog.s135.com/post/366/
Nginx 0.8.x + PHP 5.2.13（FastCGI）搭建胜过Apache十倍的Web服务器（第6版）[原创] http://blog.s135.com/nginx_php_v6/
Enjoy:试用nginx记录 http://www.9enjoy.com/post/374/
Enjoy:试用128MVPS，安装nginx+php+mysql及优化 http://www.9enjoy.com/post/424/